Very Low Carbohydrate Diets
نویسنده
چکیده
• Background: Many patients are asking about weight reduction diets publicized in the lay press, such as “Protein Power,” “Sugar Busters,” and “Dr. Atkins’ New Diet Revolution.” A common theme of these diets is the restriction of carbohydrate intake. • Objective: To summarize the published medical literature regarding very low carbohydrate (< 40 g/day) diets. • Methods: A MEDLINE search and hand-search of reference lists was performed. • Results: The literature search yielded 329 citations; 32 contained primary data. Based on several small, short-term observational studies, very low carbohydrate diets can lead to ketosis, weight loss, and changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Most of these studies also included caloric restriction. The long-term risks are not documented. • Conclusions: There is some evidence that very low carbohydrate diets can lead to significant metabolic changes including weight loss, but the long-term risks and benefits are not established. Due to the widespread popularity of these diets, further research is in order.
منابع مشابه
Very low-carbohydrate diets in the management of diabetes revisited.
Humans can derive energy from carbohydrate, fat, or protein. The metabolism of carbohydrate requires by far the highest secretion of insulin. The central pathology of diabetes is the inability to maintain euglycaemia because of a deficiency in either the action or secretion of insulin. That is, because of either insulin resistance often accompanied by hyperinsulinaemia, or insulin deficiency ca...
متن کاملFad diets and obesity--Part IV: Low-carbohydrate vs. low-fat diets.
The first three parts of this series of articles covered the basics of some of the more popular low-carbohydrate diets, and the theories behind them. In the fourth and final part of this series, some of the more popular low-fat and low-calorie diets, such as the Ornish diet and Weight Watchers, are covered briefly. Recently, several clinical trials of longer duration that compared low-carbohydr...
متن کاملLow-carbohydrate diets cause obesity, low-carbohydrate diets reverse obesity: a metabolic mechanism resolving the paradox.
High-fat diets produce obesity in part because, per calorie, glucose produces greater post-prandial thermogenesis than lipids, an effect probably mediated by glucose-sensing neurons. A very low-carbohydrate/high-fat/high-protein Atkins-type diet produces obesity but is marginally ketogenic in mice. In contrast, high-sucrose/low-fat diets, and very low-carbohydrate/high-fat/low-protein (anti-epi...
متن کاملWeight loss leads to reductions in inflammatory biomarkers after a very-low-carbohydrate diet and a low-fat diet in overweight men.
In recent years, it has become apparent that low-grade vascular inflammation plays a key role in all stages of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Weight loss has been shown to improve blood inflammatory markers; however, it is unknown if weight-loss diets varying in macronutrient composition differentially affect inflammatory responses. The primary purpose of the present study was to compare ...
متن کاملGlycemic index and glycemic load of popular weight-loss diets.
CONTEXT Carbohydrate-restricted diets have been popular in recent years. The theoretical glycemic impact of these diets, compared with other popular weight-loss diets, has not been reported. OBJECTIVE To assess the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of 2 popular, carbohydrate-restricted diets (South Beach and Sugar Busters!) and compare them with a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (Orn...
متن کامل